Cervical Disc Herniation
What is Cervical Disc Herniation?
Cervical disc herniation occurs when a disc in the neck (cervical spine) ruptures or bulges, putting pressure on nearby nerves. This can lead to pain, numbness, and weakness in the neck, shoulders, arms, and hands.
Causes:
Age-related disc degeneration
Sudden injury or trauma
Repetitive strain on the neck
Poor posture or prolonged screen use
Heavy lifting or improper body mechanics
Symptoms:
Neck pain or stiffness
Pain radiating to the shoulders, arms, or hands
Numbness or tingling in the arms, hands, or fingers
Weakness in the arms or hands
Increased pain with certain movements, such as turning the head
Diagnosis:
A healthcare provider may diagnose cervical disc herniation using:
Medical history and physical examination
Imaging tests such as MRI, CT scan, or X-rays
Nerve conduction studies or electromyography (EMG)
Treatment Options:
Conservative (Non-Surgical) Treatments:
Rest and activity modification
Physical therapy to improve strength and flexibility
Pain relievers and anti-inflammatory medications
Epidural steroid injections to reduce inflammation
Surgical Treatments:
If conservative treatments do not provide relief, surgery may be considered.
Common procedures include anterior cervical disc replacement, anterior cervical discectomy and fusion, and posterior cervical foraminotomy/discectomy.
Self-Care & Prevention:
Maintain good posture and ergonomics
Engage in regular neck and shoulder exercises
Avoid prolonged screen time or use ergonomic devices
Practice safe lifting techniques
When to See a Doctor:
Severe or worsening pain despite treatment
Weakness, numbness, or tingling in the arms or hands
Loss of bladder or bowel control (seek emergency care)